EDIT From the mouth of the guru The Gurmukhi (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ or ਗੁਰਮੁੱਖੀ) script derived from the Later Sharada script, which in turn derived from the Brahmi script like most of the Indian scripts. In the 16th century Gurmukhi was devised by the first Sikh Guru Nanak and then established by Guru Angad Dev, the second Sikh Guru. It was originally created to write the Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) language. The whole 1430 pages of the »Guru Granth Sahib«, the most important collection of devotional hymns, poetry and writings of the Sikh (also known as Adi Granth), are written in this script. The word Gurmukhi is commonly translated as "from the Mouth of the Guru", although it might also mean "the utterance of the Guru«

The Gurmukhi script is a kind of alphabet also known as abugida, where each consonant has an inherent vowel (a) that can than be changed using vowel signs (see glossary).

Gurmukhi has forty-one consonants (Vianjans), nine vowel symbols (Laga Matra), two symbols for nasal sounds (Bindi U+0A02 and Tippi U+0A70) and one symbol which duplicates the sound of any consonant (Addak U+0A71). In addition, four conjuncts are used: three subjoined forms of the consonants Rara, Haha and Vava, and one half-form of Yaiyya. Use of the conjunct forms of Vava and Yaiyya in increasingly scarce in modern contexts.

Gurmukhi has been adapted to write other languages, such as Sanskrit, Hindi and Braj Bhasha.

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