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International Phonetic Alphabet
The IPA is a notational standard for the phonetic representation of all languages. It was established in 1886 by the International Phonetic Association (IPA also) and was based on the latin script. In the course of its history it went through a lot of changes and today, it is the world standard. The latest Version of the IPA Alphabet was published in 1993, updated 1996. |
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Inserting IPA symbols in web documents There are two ways to insert Unicode IPA symbols into your HTML files: by using MS Word (97 and later), or by using a numeric code.
Word 97+.With a Unicode font selected, use Insert | Symbol (normal text) and scroll down the box until you find the character you want. Select it, and Insert. Afterwards, save the document using File | Save as HTML. Word will automatically convert the character into the corresponding numeric entity (see next para) or the corresponding UTF-8 encoding. (If you are going to use the character frequently, it might be worthwhile assigning a Shortcut Key (macro) for it.) Alternatively, write direct HTML, referencing each IPA symbol using the code. You can do this using either decimal or hex numbers. To create such a \"numeric entity\", you put ampersand (&), number sign (#), the Unicode number for the symbol, and semicolon. If using hex numbers, you must place an x between the number sign and the number. For example, to include the velar nasal symbol, ŋ, which has the Unicode decimal number 331, write ŋ, or, since its hex number is U+014B, you can alternatively write ŋ. To transcribe the English word thing, θɪŋ, write θɪŋ or, alternatively, θɪŋ. The browser will render these with the correct IPA symbols, always provided an appropriate font is available. Force the use of an appropriate font by including a font tag as mentioned above, for example in your cascading style sheet, p {font-family:\"lucida sans unicode\";}, or in the text, an in-line tag <font face=\"Lucida Sans Unicode\">. Source: phon.ucl.ac.uk |
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